National Geography Standards (grades 5-12)

Standard 1: How to use maps and other geographic representations, tools and technologies to acquire, process and report information from a spatial perspective.

Standard 2: How to use mental maps to organize information about people, places, and environments in a spatial context.

Standard 3: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth's surface.

Standard 4: The physical and human characteristics of places.

Standard 5: That people create regions to interpret Earth's complexity.

Standard 6: How culture and experience influence people's perception of places and regions

Standard 7: The physical processes that shape the pattern of Earth's surface.

Standard 8: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface.

Essential Element IV: Human Systems

Standard 12: The process, patterns, and functions of human settlement.

Essential Element V: Environment and Society

Standard 14: How human actions modify the physical environment.

Standard 15: How physical systems affect human systems.

Essential Element VI: The Uses of Geography

Standard 17: How to apply geography to interpret the past.

Standard 18: How to apply geography to interpret the present and plan for the future.